Cutting edge: a new approach to modeling early lung immunity in murine tuberculosis.

Cutting Edge: CD40 Ligand Is Not Essential for the Development of Cell-Mediated Immunity and Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

It has been proposed that the induction of cellular immunity and resistance to intracellular pathogens is dependent upon CD40 ligand (CD40L). In the present study we show that this proposal is not ubiquitously supported. Mice genetically deficient in CD40L (CD40LKO) were resistant to i.v. infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis when assessed by survival and bacteriologic burden in the spleen,...

Expression of the nitric oxide synthase 2 gene is not essential for early control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the murine lung.

The interleukin-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) pathway of macrophage activation plays a pivotal role in controlling tuberculosis. In the murine model, the generation of supplementary nitric oxide by the induction of the nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) gene product is considered the principal antimicrobial mechanism of IFN-gamma-activated macrophages. Using a low-dose aerosol-mediated infect...

Adaptive Immunity Replication Precedes the Initiation of Cutting Edge: Stealth Influenza Virus

Host cell-induced components of the sulfate assimilation pathway are major protective antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

New therapies to control tuberculosis are urgently required because of the inability of the only available vaccine, BCG, to adequately protect against tuberculosis. Here we demonstrate that proteins of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis sulfate-assimilation pathway (SAP) represent major immunogenic targets of the bacillus, as defined by strong T-cell recognition by both mice and humans infected wit...

Cisplatin-loaded superparamagnetic nanoparticles modified with PCL-PEG copolymers as a treatment of A549 lung cancer cells

Magnetic nanoparticles have been highly regarded because of their unique properties, such as hyperthermia, medicine control release, and diagnostic applications. The main aim of the current paper is to offer a new system for the modification of Fe3O4 (SPIONs) superparamagnetic nanoparticles physically and chemically with polymers through physical retention. These modified nanoparticles have bee...